Do Civil Rights Not Apply to the Disabled?
Last session, in a 5-4 decision in the case of Spector v. Norwegian Cruise Line, the US Supreme Court ruled that cruise ships are subject to disability discrimination lawsuits under the ADA.
Operators of cruise ships that depart from and return to US ports play this cute little capitalist game where they fly under flags of other countries to avoid paying US taxes and obeying certain US laws. It's funny how they love America and Americans when it's time to take our money, but not when it's time to give some back.
Douglas Spector was one of several disabled customers of Norwegian who filed the suit in 2000. They claimed in their suit, among other things, that they were required to pay significantly higher fares and to travel with nondisabled companions.
They also said their cabin options were limited by inaccessibility and there were no accessible public restrooms on the ship.Facts notwithstanding, Norwegian lawyers argued that they didn't have to obey ADA because of their convenient foreign status.
On the list of pressing accessibility concerns, access to cruise ships is not very high. With an unemployment rate of about 70 percent, disabled folk are more likely concerned with access to a loaf of bread.
But imagine if this was any other kind of discrimination case. Suppose African Americans were charged higher fares or women had to be accompanied by men. Suppose all the public bathrooms were just for white men.
Now suppose Norwegian had the gall to claim the defense that racial and gender discrimination laws don't apply to them. In oral arguments before the Supreme Court, Justices Ruth Bader Ginsberg and David Souter asked Norwegian's lawyer David Frederick if it was determined that the ADA did not apply to Norwegian and thus other cruise lines, could they then consider themselves to be exempt from other US civil rights laws too? After initially dodging the question, Frederick grudgingly answered yes.
But let's just suppose the wildly implausible scenario that Norwegian responded to a racial or gender discrimination suit with the defense that it had no obligation to treat African Americans or women equally. What are the odds of both lower courts agreeing with this position, as they did in the Spector case?
But Norwegian would never have risked such incredible bad publicity in the first place. Imagine the scorching editorials. They would have, as they should have, fixed the problem. But when it came to the treatment of people with disabilities, they thought they could get away with brazen defiance in the courts of law and public opinion. They were almost right.
Any victory for the ADA is good. But it's ridiculous that things even went that far. It's clear that the ADA has still not earned the reverence it deserves. Let's at least hope now it's a small step closer.


